
“Less is more. “I thought not for the first time and a change of scenery was what was required.
After the third morning lecture, I felt that I had updated myself sufficiently on the interpretation of abnormal liver test results in dogs and cats – at least until the next conference and presentation on the subject…..
Over the last few months, I had been at several congresses, but this one was special.

Partially because it was the first congress of the Egyptian Small Animal Veterinary Association, but mainly because of the venue.
The event was held at the newly opened Grand Egyptian Museum, generally referred to as the “GEM”.

The invitation I had received a few months earlier had included not only access to the conference rooms, but also to the museum’s collection and this was an opportunity not to be missed.
Like no other advanced culture, ancient Egyptians believed in the afterlife and they prepared for it extensively.
Life on Earth was considered to be nothing more than just a transitory stage, that was followed by an at least equally important afterlife, for which a body had to be preserved. Naturally, arrangements had to be made, to be well equipped and prepared for the next phase.

Preparations could take years and in the case of the pharaohs, it could last their whole lifetime. A lot of thought was given to what might be needed or what one might like to see again on the other side.
No surprise then, that this meant that treasured family pets were buried together with their former owners. This was a line of thought, that was not unfamiliar to me, as it reflected a desire also expressed by some of my clients in England, when I had to perform the euthanasia of a much-loved dog or cat.
An animal that was by the Egyptians considered to be able to cross naturally from one world to the other, was the scarabeus, the humble dung beetle, that lays its eggs into the waste products of other animals, which then becomes the substrate for new life.


Like this remarkable insect, I crossed the open hall of the museum, guarded by the giant statue of Ramses II in its centre, and passed from the world of veterinary medicine, where the aim is to preserve life, to the other side, where the afterlife had taken centre stage.
Rather than the extensive display of the items recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, indisputably the main attraction of the collection, two other areas of the main gallery had caught my interest.
One was an interactive reproduction of the tomb chapel of Khnumhotep II, an overseer of the Eastern Desert.


In the thousands of year-old murals of the tomb, birds, goats, and antelopes could be seen, receiving (early veterinary ?) care and large dogs were walked on leads in no way dissimilar from a dog been taken on a stroll today. There were vivid hunting scenes, and the wildlife of that time, including various sorts of sea fish, were depicted in great detail. With the help of modern technology, these scenes were brought back to life on the walls of the tomb.
Not far from this display, another section of the GEM was dedicated to the preservation of animal bodies. The same care and attention that was given to the mummification of human bodies, was used to protect from decay the bodies of falcons, ibises, fish, baboons and even crocodiles.
While some of these animals were found in tombs together with their owners, many of them were sacrificed to honour one of the deities that were associated with these animals.


Carefully wrapped ibises had their own wooden, painted coffins and sometimes even stone sarcophagi. They were buried in places like Hermopolis Magna to honour Thoth, the ibis or baboon headed God of wisdom, magic, writing and the moon.


Whole crocodiles were carefully prepared, their body cavities filled with bitumen and oil and then wrapped tightly in several layers of linen in places like Esna and near the impressive temple of Kom Ombo in Upper Egypt, in honour of Sobek, God of the Nile, of power and fertility.

But no animal was so often preserved for the afterlife than the cat. Honoured and highly respected as the nemesis of rodents and snakes, Egyptian felines were associated with Bastet, the Goddess of home, joy, fertility and motherly love. In virtually every necropolis elaborate sarcophagi and figures of deceased felines could be found and it comes as no surprise, that the land of the Nile is widely believed to be the birthplace of the never-ending love affair between mouser and man.
As so often though, there were two sides of the coin. As cats reproduced very fast and were easy to keep, they also made for convenient objects of sacrifice to the Goddess, resulting in mass burial sites for not seldom 100 000 and more feline mummies near the temples dedicated to Bastet. An ambivalence still found today, where modern society accommodates the treatment of cats in both the best as well as in the cruelest of ways.
For me it was time to leave again the world of the dead and to return to the other side of the museum, to improve particularly my knowledge of feline medicine.








































































